England Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (PaLM) Technical Framework
0.1.0 - ci-build
England Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (PaLM) Technical Framework
0.1.0 - ci-build
England Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (PaLM) Technical Framework - Local Development build (v0.1.0) built by the FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) Build Tools. See the Directory of published versions
| Draft as of 2026-11-04 |
{
"resourceType" : "ConceptMap",
"id" : "palm-procedure-to-loinc",
"language" : "en",
"text" : {
"status" : "generated",
"div" : "<div xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml\"><p class=\"res-header-id\"><b>Generated Narrative: ConceptMap palm-procedure-to-loinc</b></p><a name=\"palm-procedure-to-loinc\"> </a><a name=\"hcpalm-procedure-to-loinc\"> </a><p>Mapping from <a href=\"ValueSet-palm-procedure.html\">PaLM Requestable Tests (SNOMED CT)</a> to <a href=\"http://hl7.eu/fhir/laboratory/2.1.0/ValueSet-lab-orderCodes-eu-lab.html\">Laboratory Order</a></p><br/><p>Mapping from <code>http://snomed.info/sct|http://snomed.info/sct/83821000000107/version/20250702</code> to <a href=\"http://terminology.hl7.org/6.3.0/CodeSystem-v3-loinc.html\">Logical Observation Identifiers, Names and Codes (LOINC)</a></p><table class=\"grid\"><tr><td colspan=\"2\"><b>Source Concept Details</b></td><td><b>Relationship</b></td><td colspan=\"2\"><b>Target Concept Details</b></td><td><b>Comment</b></td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\"><b>Codes</b> from http://snomed.info/sct|http://snomed.info/sct/83821000000107/version/20250702</td><td/><td colspan=\"2\"><b>Codes</b> from <a href=\"http://terminology.hl7.org/6.3.0/CodeSystem-v3-loinc.html\" title=\"http://loinc.org\">Logical Observation Identifiers, Names and Codes (LOINC)</a></td><td/></tr><tr><td style=\"border-right-width: 0px\">26604007</td><td style=\"border-left-width: 0px\">Full blood count</td><td><a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/codesystem-concept-map-equivalence.html#concept-map-equivalence-inexact\" title=\"inexact\">maps loosely to</a></td><td style=\"border-right-width: 0px\">57021-8</td><td style=\"border-left-width: 0px\">CBC W Auto Differential panel - Blood</td><td>An England FBC usually includes the white cell differential. Without it, 58410-2 CBC panel - Blood by Automated count. The LOINC panel members are not the same as a laboratory's FBC.</td></tr><tr><td style=\"border-right-width: 0px\">252167001</td><td style=\"border-left-width: 0px\">Urea and electrolytes</td><td><a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/codesystem-concept-map-equivalence.html#concept-map-equivalence-inexact\" title=\"inexact\">maps loosely to</a></td><td style=\"border-right-width: 0px\">24321-2</td><td style=\"border-left-width: 0px\">Basic metabolic 2000 panel - Serum or Plasma</td><td>No LOINC panel matches U&E (sodium, potassium, urea, creatinine, eGFR). The basic metabolic panel also has glucose, calcium, chloride and bicarbonate, and no eGFR.</td></tr><tr><td style=\"border-right-width: 0px\">26958001</td><td style=\"border-left-width: 0px\">Hepatic function panel</td><td><a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/codesystem-concept-map-equivalence.html#concept-map-equivalence-inexact\" title=\"inexact\">maps loosely to</a></td><td style=\"border-right-width: 0px\">24325-3</td><td style=\"border-left-width: 0px\">Hepatic function 2000 panel - Serum or Plasma</td><td>Same test, different members: the LOINC panel has AST and direct bilirubin. An England LFT is usually bilirubin, ALT, ALP, albumin and total protein, with GGT at some laboratories.</td></tr><tr><td style=\"border-right-width: 0px\">271244005</td><td style=\"border-left-width: 0px\">Measurement of serum lipid level</td><td><a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/codesystem-concept-map-equivalence.html#concept-map-equivalence-inexact\" title=\"inexact\">maps loosely to</a></td><td style=\"border-right-width: 0px\">24331-1</td><td style=\"border-left-width: 0px\">Lipid 1996 panel - Serum or Plasma</td><td>The LOINC panel is cholesterol, HDL, calculated LDL and triglyceride. An England lipid profile usually adds non-HDL cholesterol and the cholesterol/HDL ratio.</td></tr><tr><td style=\"border-right-width: 0px\">135842001</td><td style=\"border-left-width: 0px\">Serum C reactive protein level</td><td><a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/codesystem-concept-map-equivalence.html#concept-map-equivalence-source-is-narrower-than-target\" title=\"source-is-narrower-than-target\">is narrower than</a></td><td style=\"border-right-width: 0px\">1988-5</td><td style=\"border-left-width: 0px\">C reactive protein [Mass/volume] in Serum or Plasma</td><td>The LOINC code is serum or plasma; the SNOMED CT concept is serum. High sensitivity CRP is a different code (30522-7).</td></tr><tr><td style=\"border-right-width: 0px\">371981000000106</td><td style=\"border-left-width: 0px\">Hb A1c (Haemoglobin A1c) measurement - IFCC (International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine) standardised</td><td><a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/codesystem-concept-map-equivalence.html#concept-map-equivalence-equivalent\" title=\"equivalent\">is equivalent to</a></td><td style=\"border-right-width: 0px\">59261-8</td><td style=\"border-left-width: 0px\">Hemoglobin A1c/Hemoglobin.total standardized per IFCC-RMP for CDT in Blood</td><td>IFCC standardised HbA1c, reported in mmol/mol.</td></tr><tr><td style=\"border-right-width: 0px\">47758006</td><td style=\"border-left-width: 0px\">Hepatitis B surface antigen measurement</td><td><a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/codesystem-concept-map-equivalence.html#concept-map-equivalence-source-is-broader-than-target\" title=\"source-is-broader-than-target\">is broader than</a></td><td style=\"border-right-width: 0px\">5195-3</td><td style=\"border-left-width: 0px\">Hepatitis B virus surface Ag [Presence] in Serum</td><td>The LOINC code is a qualitative (presence) test in serum; the SNOMED CT concept does not give the scale or specimen.</td></tr><tr><td style=\"border-right-width: 0px\">700152009</td><td style=\"border-left-width: 0px\">Human papilloma virus screening</td><td><a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/codesystem-concept-map-equivalence.html#concept-map-equivalence-source-is-broader-than-target\" title=\"source-is-broader-than-target\">is broader than</a></td><td style=\"border-right-width: 0px\">82675-0</td><td style=\"border-left-width: 0px\">Human papilloma virus 16+18+31+33+35+39+45+51+52+56+58+59+66+68 DNA [Presence] in Cervix by NAA with probe detection</td><td>High risk HPV as tested in NHS cervical screening. The LOINC code names the HPV types, specimen and method, so the right code depends on the assay.</td></tr><tr><td style=\"border-right-width: 0px\">113076002</td><td style=\"border-left-width: 0px\">Glucose tolerance test</td><td><a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/codesystem-concept-map-equivalence.html#concept-map-equivalence-source-is-broader-than-target\" title=\"source-is-broader-than-target\">is broader than</a></td><td style=\"border-right-width: 0px\">72171-2</td><td style=\"border-left-width: 0px\">Glucose tolerance 2 hours panel - Serum or Plasma</td><td>The 2 hour (75 g) oral glucose tolerance test. Gestational and other protocols have other LOINC panels.</td></tr><tr><td style=\"border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-style: none\">401324008</td><td style=\"border-left-width: 0px; border-bottom-style: none\">Urinary microscopy, culture and sensitivities</td><td><a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/codesystem-concept-map-equivalence.html#concept-map-equivalence-source-is-broader-than-target\" title=\"source-is-broader-than-target\">is broader than</a></td><td style=\"border-right-width: 0px\">50554-5</td><td style=\"border-left-width: 0px\">Urinalysis microscopic panel [#/volume] - Urine by Automated count</td><td>No single LOINC order code for urine MC&S: it maps to microscopy, culture and susceptibility. Manual microscopy has other LOINC panels.</td></tr><tr><td style=\"border-right-width: 0px; border-top-style: none; border-bottom-style: none\"/><td style=\"border-left-width: 0px; border-top-style: none; border-bottom-style: none\"/><td><a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/codesystem-concept-map-equivalence.html#concept-map-equivalence-source-is-broader-than-target\" title=\"source-is-broader-than-target\">is broader than</a></td><td style=\"border-right-width: 0px\">630-4</td><td style=\"border-left-width: 0px\">Bacteria identified in Urine by Culture</td><td>The culture part of urine MC&S.</td></tr><tr><td style=\"border-right-width: 0px; border-top-style: none\"/><td style=\"border-top-style: none; border-left-width: 0px\"/><td><a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/codesystem-concept-map-equivalence.html#concept-map-equivalence-source-is-broader-than-target\" title=\"source-is-broader-than-target\">is broader than</a></td><td style=\"border-right-width: 0px\">29576-6</td><td style=\"border-left-width: 0px\">Bacterial susceptibility panel</td><td>The sensitivities part of urine MC&S.</td></tr></table></div>"
},
"url" : "https://examplesihe.org.uk/ConceptMap/palm-procedure-to-loinc",
"version" : "0.1.0",
"name" : "PaLMProcedureToLOINC",
"title" : "PaLM Requestable Tests to LOINC Order Codes (illustrative)",
"status" : "draft",
"experimental" : true,
"date" : "2026-11-04",
"publisher" : "Kevin Mayfield",
"contact" : [
{
"telecom" : [
{
"system" : "url",
"value" : "https://github.com/KevinMayfield/PathologyAndLaboratory"
}
]
}
],
"description" : "**Illustrative only.** Shows how the [PaLM Requestable Tests](ValueSet-palm-procedure.html) (SNOMED CT\nUK, refset `1853561000000109`) could be mapped to LOINC order codes in the HL7 Europe Laboratory\n`lab-orderCodes-eu-lab` value set (LOINC `ORDER_OBS` = Order or Both), the preferred binding for\n`ServiceRequest.code` in HL7 Europe Laboratory. It covers only the tests in the NHS England examples.\nIt is not a national map: NHS England is understood to be producing one (**To confirm**).\n\nLOINC panels follow US practice and their members are not the same as an England test profile (for\nexample an FBC or U&E), so most panel maps are `inexact`. Each laboratory decides the content of its\nown profiles.",
"jurisdiction" : [
{
"coding" : [
{
"system" : "urn:iso:std:iso:3166",
"code" : "GB",
"display" : "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"
}
]
}
],
"sourceCanonical" : "https://examplesihe.org.uk/ValueSet/palm-procedure",
"targetCanonical" : "http://hl7.eu/fhir/laboratory/ValueSet/lab-orderCodes-eu-lab",
"group" : [
{
"source" : "http://snomed.info/sct",
"sourceVersion" : "http://snomed.info/sct/83821000000107/version/20250702",
"target" : "http://loinc.org",
"element" : [
{
"code" : "26604007",
"display" : "Full blood count",
"target" : [
{
"code" : "57021-8",
"display" : "CBC W Auto Differential panel - Blood",
"equivalence" : "inexact",
"comment" : "An England FBC usually includes the white cell differential. Without it, 58410-2 CBC panel - Blood by Automated count. The LOINC panel members are not the same as a laboratory's FBC."
}
]
},
{
"code" : "252167001",
"display" : "Urea and electrolytes",
"target" : [
{
"code" : "24321-2",
"display" : "Basic metabolic 2000 panel - Serum or Plasma",
"equivalence" : "inexact",
"comment" : "No LOINC panel matches U&E (sodium, potassium, urea, creatinine, eGFR). The basic metabolic panel also has glucose, calcium, chloride and bicarbonate, and no eGFR."
}
]
},
{
"code" : "26958001",
"display" : "Hepatic function panel",
"target" : [
{
"code" : "24325-3",
"display" : "Hepatic function 2000 panel - Serum or Plasma",
"equivalence" : "inexact",
"comment" : "Same test, different members: the LOINC panel has AST and direct bilirubin. An England LFT is usually bilirubin, ALT, ALP, albumin and total protein, with GGT at some laboratories."
}
]
},
{
"code" : "271244005",
"display" : "Measurement of serum lipid level",
"target" : [
{
"code" : "24331-1",
"display" : "Lipid 1996 panel - Serum or Plasma",
"equivalence" : "inexact",
"comment" : "The LOINC panel is cholesterol, HDL, calculated LDL and triglyceride. An England lipid profile usually adds non-HDL cholesterol and the cholesterol/HDL ratio."
}
]
},
{
"code" : "135842001",
"display" : "Serum C reactive protein level",
"target" : [
{
"code" : "1988-5",
"display" : "C reactive protein [Mass/volume] in Serum or Plasma",
"equivalence" : "wider",
"comment" : "The LOINC code is serum or plasma; the SNOMED CT concept is serum. High sensitivity CRP is a different code (30522-7)."
}
]
},
{
"code" : "371981000000106",
"display" : "Hb A1c (Haemoglobin A1c) measurement - IFCC (International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine) standardised",
"target" : [
{
"code" : "59261-8",
"display" : "Hemoglobin A1c/Hemoglobin.total standardized per IFCC-RMP for CDT in Blood",
"equivalence" : "equivalent",
"comment" : "IFCC standardised HbA1c, reported in mmol/mol."
}
]
},
{
"code" : "47758006",
"display" : "Hepatitis B surface antigen measurement",
"target" : [
{
"code" : "5195-3",
"display" : "Hepatitis B virus surface Ag [Presence] in Serum",
"equivalence" : "narrower",
"comment" : "The LOINC code is a qualitative (presence) test in serum; the SNOMED CT concept does not give the scale or specimen."
}
]
},
{
"code" : "700152009",
"display" : "Human papilloma virus screening",
"target" : [
{
"code" : "82675-0",
"display" : "Human papilloma virus 16+18+31+33+35+39+45+51+52+56+58+59+66+68 DNA [Presence] in Cervix by NAA with probe detection",
"equivalence" : "narrower",
"comment" : "High risk HPV as tested in NHS cervical screening. The LOINC code names the HPV types, specimen and method, so the right code depends on the assay."
}
]
},
{
"code" : "113076002",
"display" : "Glucose tolerance test",
"target" : [
{
"code" : "72171-2",
"display" : "Glucose tolerance 2 hours panel - Serum or Plasma",
"equivalence" : "narrower",
"comment" : "The 2 hour (75 g) oral glucose tolerance test. Gestational and other protocols have other LOINC panels."
}
]
},
{
"code" : "401324008",
"display" : "Urinary microscopy, culture and sensitivities",
"target" : [
{
"code" : "50554-5",
"display" : "Urinalysis microscopic panel [#/volume] - Urine by Automated count",
"equivalence" : "narrower",
"comment" : "No single LOINC order code for urine MC&S: it maps to microscopy, culture and susceptibility. Manual microscopy has other LOINC panels."
},
{
"code" : "630-4",
"display" : "Bacteria identified in Urine by Culture",
"equivalence" : "narrower",
"comment" : "The culture part of urine MC&S."
},
{
"code" : "29576-6",
"display" : "Bacterial susceptibility panel",
"equivalence" : "narrower",
"comment" : "The sensitivities part of urine MC&S."
}
]
}
]
}
]
}